UDC 654.924
Fire alarm systems play a key role in ensuring the fire safety of buildings and structures. Timely detection of a fire and notification of people about it allows you to minimize material damage and, most importantly, save lives. However, it is not uncommon for systems to work incorrectly, giving false alarms or, conversely, not working with a real threat of fire. The article discusses the main causes of false alarms and failures of fire alarm systems, provides examples of typical violations. Indeed, problems are found even at the project stage, when the customer tries to minimize costs, sometimes without taking into account the characteristics of the building, the degree of fire load. In the future, difficulties may arise during the operation of the equipment due to adverse environmental conditions, electromagnetic interference, poor-quality and untimely maintenance. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper presents the Ishikawa causal diagram, which takes into account a wide range of factors affecting the reliability of the fire alarm system. Ways to improve the reliability and efficiency of these devices are proposed. The authors consider the introduction of multi-criteria fire detectors to be a promising solution. At the same time, the authors point to the lag in their metrological support (in particular, test methods)
fire safety, fire alarm, false alarms
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